VPFE
1.OVERVIEW
1.1 CCDC
1）产生SD，HD时序信号
2）可编程镜头阴影校正（ Lens Shading Correction）.
3）支持BT656，YCBCR422（8BIT，16BIT，WITH HS，VS），及14BIT RAW DATA FROM CCD/CMOS
4) 可编程14BIT 到8BIT输出
5）可通过外部写能动信号EN控制向DDR写数据
6）SENSOR CLK可达75MHZ，若用到H3A，则只能达67.5MHZ
7）DEFECT CORRECT
1.2.H3A
1）auto white balance and auto eexposure by collecting metrics（统计）
2）读写DDR
3）只接收RAW DATA
1.3.IPIPE
1）只接收RAW DATA ，且转换14BIT RAW DATA为YCBCR422或YCRCR422 RESIZE
2）支持RGB Bayer pattern，经过彩色空间转换也支持CMYG
3）每个分量增益控制
4）可编程的RGB TO YCBCR的转换系数
5）可配置成仅RESIZE模式，即直接YCBCR422 RESIZE，不经过其它模块处理
6）RGB (32bit/16bit) output to SDRAM
7）要求至少BLANK 8PIXEL/行，4行 BLANK，在ONE SHOT 下，至少10行 BLANK，在处理之后
8）最大支持1344PIXEL 输入输出宽度
9）DEFECT CORRECT
1.4.IPIPEIF
1）读CCDC，SDRAM，写IPIPE
2）重新调整 HD, VD, and PCLK timing to the IPIPE input.
3）dark-frame subtract黑色帧消除法降噪（用于长时间瀑光引起的噪声点）
2.引脚IO 接口
1. YIN[7..0]/CCDIN[7..0]
2. CIN[5..0]/CCDIN[13..0]
3.PCLK
4.CAM_HD,CAM_VD
5.CAM_WEN_FIELD:/设 CCD Write Enable/Field ID signal
1）作FIELD标识信号，FLDMODE定类型提供，由CCD/CMOSFIDMD/FLDPOL
2）作WEN用，EXWEN打开，WENLOG设定AND 或 OR，与在SPH, NPH, SLV, NLV内的有效像素相AND或OR
RAM模式引脚:
以上全需用到
另少于14BIT时,一般用CCD[13..0]高位,舍去底位,当用时SPI时除外
----------------------------------------------------------------
引脚配置REG: PINMUX0(VPFE.PDF PAGE38)
3。VPFE/ISP Integration
VPSS Events:9个作为中断送ARM，4个作为EVENT送EDMA
Number Acronym Module Description
0 CCDC VDINT0 CCDC Triggered after a programmable number of input lines for each frame.
1 CCDC VDINT1 CCDC Triggered after a programmable number of input lines for each frame.
2 CCDC VDINT2 CCDC Triggered at the rising edge of WEN signal
3 H3AINT H3A Triggered at the end of AF or AEW writes to DDR for each frame
4 VENCINT VENC Triggered at the rising edge of VSYNC
5 OSDINT OSD Triggered at the end of each frame read from DDR
6 IPIPEIFINT IPIPEIF Triggered at the rising edge of VD if enabled
7 IPIPE_INT0_HST IPIPE Triggered when Histogram processing is finished for each frame
8 IPIPE_INT1_SDR IPIPE Triggered when writes to DDR are finished for each frame
9 IPIPE_INT2_RZA IPIPE Triggered when the number of lines programmed has been output of RZA
10 IPIPE_INT3_RZB IPIPE Triggered when the number of lines programmed has been output of RZB
12 IPIPE_INT5_MMR IPIPE Triggered when MMR modifications for the next frame can be made
中断：VPSSBL.INTSEL选择
INT Number Acronym
0 VPSSINT0
1 VPSSINT1
2 VPSSINT2
3 VPSSINT3
4 VPSSINT4
5 VPSSINT5
6 VPSSINT6
7 VPSSINT7
8 VPSSINT8
事件：VPSSBL.EVTSEL选择
Event Number Binary Event Name
4 0000100 VPSSEVT1
5 0000101 VPSSEVT2
6 0000110 VPSSEVT3
7 0000111 VPSSEVT4
VPSS REG：
VPFE Module Register Map
VPSS Registers Address Range Size
VPSSCLK 0x01C70000 0x01C7007F 128B
H3A 0x01C70080 0x01C700FF 128B
IPIPEIF 0x01C70100 0x01C701FF 256B
OSD 0x01C70200 0x01C702FF 256B
VENC 0x01C70400 0x01C705FF 512B
CCDC 0x01C70600 0x01C707FF 512B
VPSSBL 0x01C70800 0x01C708FF 256B
IPIPE 0x01C71000 0x01C73FFF 12K-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 。VPFE/ISP Functional Description
4.1 CCDC
参数：MODESET.INPMOD输出到DDR的数据选择，YCBCR或RGB
RAW模式时序参数：HDW，VDW，PPLN，HLPFR （从AFE来）
RAW模式时CCDCFG.YCINSWP=0
4.1.2.1 DIGITAL CLAMP
CLAMP的黑电平可用常量也可从像素中计算得到,也可从CCD SENSOR的上黑边，左黑边提取基量
以求平均值计算。
参数：CLAMP.OBST 黑像素开始点；CLAMP.OBSLEN每行的用来求平均的像素数；DCSUB.OBSLN求平均的行数
4.1.2.2 Color Space Conversion
CSCCTL[0]开启。由乘加器，LINE MEMORY组成，CMYG--》RGBG
FMTSPH, FMTLNH, FMTSLV, and FMTLNV指定数据区域
转换后数据会有一行LATENCY（延迟）。
最后一行至少要有一无效像素，一FRAME中至少要有一无效行
4.1.2.3 Defect Correction：坏点校正
DFCCTL[0]开启，可校正1024个点
4.1.2.4 Lens Shading Correction：镜头阴影校正
LSCCFG[0]开启，由于镜头中心较亮，向边缘渐暗。由此而校正
4.1.2.5 Black Level Compensation：太亮，太暗补偿
BLKCMP0.R_YE, BLKCMP0.GR_CY, BLKCMP1.GB_G, BLKCMP1.B_MG)
4.1.2.6 Median Filter：中央滤波。一路送SDRAM，另一路送IPIPE，可单独能动
1. Average Filter Configuration
2. Median Filter Configuration
GAMMAWD.MFILT1 and GAMMAWD.MFILT2
4.1.2.7 SDRAM RAW Output Formatting
4.1.4 Data Output Control
• SDOFST.FIINV – invert interpretation of the Field ID signal
• SDOFST.FIINV – invert interpretation of the Field ID signal
• SDOFST.LOFTS0 – offset, in lines, between even lines on even fields (field 0)
• SDOFST.LOFTS1 – offset, in lines, between odd lines on even fields (field 0)
• SDOFST.LOFTS2 – offset, in lines, between even lines on odd fields (field 1)
• SDOFST.LOFTS3 – offset, in lines, between odd lines on odd fields (field 1)
4.2 IPIPEIF
参数：HDW=8PIXEL，VDW=4LINE（CONTINUE）OR 10LINE（ONE SHOT），PPLN=HD 间隔，LPFR=VD 间隔>1 LINE，HNUM=水平有效像素（从HD上升沿开始？？？），VNUM=垂直有效像素（从VD下降沿开始，即隔4或10LINE）
4.2.1.1 CCDC RAW Input Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 0)
14BIT
4.2.1.2 SDRAM RAW Input Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 1h)
从SDRAM中读取8BIT或16BIT，8BIT为经过A-LAW压缩的，可设CFG.IALAW解压，也可填0补齐
4.2.1.3 CCDC RAW Input With Dark Frame Subtract From SDRAM Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 2h)
IPIPEIF INPUT = CCDC RAW INPUT - SDRAM INPUT
此时PPLN，LPFR的意义与其它输入模式不同，表示从CCDC DATA中减去时的水平，垂直方向的起始位置
4.2.1.4 SDRAM YCbCr 4:2:2 Input Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 3h)
16BIT YCbCr 4:2:2 data
4.2.2 时序产生
当输入为0或2时，HD/VD/WEN ，PCLK由CCDC提供， 为1或3时，IPIEIF产生HD/VD（基于LPFR and PPLN），PCLK可继续用CCDC的PCLK（CFG.CLKSEL=0），也可自已产生（CFG.CLKSEL=1）（用VPSSCLK分频CFG.CLKDIV），产生PCLK时要考虑下面IPIPE RESIZE时最大时钟要求及SDRAM实时操作要求
当CFG.INPSRC非0时，IPIPE I/F SDRAM data读及时序产生即可在ONE-SHOT 下，也可在CONTINUE模式下（(ENABLE.ENABLE）
当输入大于1344PIXEL时开启CFG.DECM设定比例系数以缩小到1344以下
4.3 IPIPE
参数：IPIPE_HST,IPIPE_VST定义开始点（与HD，VD上升沿为原点），IPIPE_HSZ, IPIPE_VSZ定义要处理的数据区域大小
IPIPE_COLPAT定义处理数据的Color pattern
Input Modes (IPIPE_DPATHS.FMT)
0: RAW to YCbCr
1: RAW to RAW
2: RAW to Boxcar
3: YCbCr to YCbCr
In RAW pass through mode,可以支持最大4096PIXEL/LINE，直接写到SDRAM
4.3.3 Defect Correction
4.3.4 Noise Filter
4.3.5 Pre Filter
为了减少LINE-CRAWLING，只针对green pixels.有两种方式（PRE_TYP选择）：1.常量 2.算法
4.3.6 White Balance
白平衡就是调整增益，有两种：
1.Digital gain调整影像总亮度，x 0 – x 3.996 (step = 1/256)
2. white balance gains 调整CFA中每个分量的增益，x 0 – x 7.992 (step = 1/128)
4.3.7 CFA Interpolation
由 Bayer RGB转换成RGB 4:4:4 data
4.3.8 RGB2RGB Blending（混合）
RGB混合，即增加一OFFSET，调成人类的色彩光谱。(RGB_MUL_[R,G,B][R,G,B], & RGB_OFT_[R,G,B])
4.3.9 Gamma Correction Module
摄像时亮度与电压成非线性关系，称此为GAMMA曲线，GAMMA校正即是校正此非线性
有三个通路：1.BYPASS 2. 从RAM TABLE 3. 从ROM TABLE
4.3.10 RGB2YCbCr Conversion Module
YCC_MUL_[R,G,B][Y,CB,CR], and YCC_OFT_[Y,CB,CR]
4.3.11 4:2:2 Conversion Module
转换成YCBCR422格式
4.3.12 2-D Edge Enhancer
针对亮度信号，提高IMAGE质量。YEE_EN.EN开启。用一高通FILER来获取图像边缘，FILER系数可编程(YEE_MUL_[0,1,2][0,1,2])，输出可下SHIFT（YEE_SHF.SHF）。增加RAM表值可加强sharpness
4.3.13 Median NR
用来减少边缘强度的pseudo peak（假峰值），YEE_EMF.EN开启
4.3.14 Chrominance Suppression
FCS_EN.EN开启。在图像的亮度很强区域，可能会有一两个色彩通道饱和，但其它色彩没有，这样就会造成假色彩，如最常出现的就是原本是白色的却出现的是粉红色， 色度抑制可减少假色彩。
4.3.15 Horizontal and Vertical Resize Module
范围： x1/16 scale-down to x8
参数：RSZ[n].RSZ_H_TYP类型选择，HRSZ (RSZ[n].RSZ_H_DIF) and VRSZ (RSZ[n].RSZ_V_DIF)比例，上下限为32-4096，对应X8-X1/16，实际以256/HRSZ，256/VRSZ计算，影像输出尺寸最大为1344 pixels/line for RSZ[0] and 640 pixels/line for RSZ[1].
Vertical resize有两种模式：输入行号模式（RSZ_SEQ.TMM = 1)，连续模式。RSZ[n].RSZ_V_PHS_O定义最后输出位置
4.3.16 Output Interface
YCC_Y_MAX, YCC_Y_MIN, YCC_C_MAX, and YCC_C_MIN 定义Y，C大小范围，YCBCR422 TO YCBCR444，TO RGB，输出32BIT
4.3.17 RGB Converter
在H/V RESIZER中，YCBCR422通过线性插值，转成YCBCR444，由于此关系，第一行的一前一后两个像素会丢失，即RESIZE后会比想要的少两个像素。
在SDRAM BURST（256BIT）时以数据打包方式访问，有两种打包方式，32BIT，16BIT，(RSZ[n].RGB_TYP.TYP选择。32BIT时输出RGB各8位，及8BIT alpha value(在RSZ[n].RGB_BLD设定）；In 16-bit mode, R (5-bit), G (6-bit), and B (5-bit)输入到SDRAM。
4.4 H3A
5 Programming Model
VPFE Memory Master Selection
Shared Memory Register Field Settings
Shared Read Buffer (SRB) PCR.RBLCTRL 0: IPIPEIF
1: Reserved
2: H3A
Shared Write Buffer (SWB) PCR.WBLCTRL 0: IPIPEIF
1: Reserved
DFC Table MEMCTRL.DFCCTRL 0: IPIPE
1: CCDC
RSZ Line Memory MEMCTRL.RSZ_CTRL 0: IPIPEIF
1: Reserved
5.4 编程CCDC
模块能动：SYNCEN.VDHDEN能动CCDC，在能动之前需先设置一些REG。
SYNCEN.WEN 写SDRAM能动
若CCDC为MASTER MODE，则当SYNCEN.VDHDEN 后立即进行数据处理
若CCDC为SLAVE MODE, 则 SYNCEN.VDHDEN 应先于外部设备打开,以免数据丢失
设置顺序:
1. Set Data output address (STADRH & STADRL).
2. Enable HD/VD and WEN at the same time (MODESET.WEN & SYNCEN.VDHDEN)
中断:
VDINT0, VDINT1, and VDINT2
VDINT0,VDINT1达到VDINT.VDINT0 and VDINT.VDINT1中的行数后中断
VDINT2 以 CAM_WEN_FIELD为参考,在下降沿中断
MODESET.FLDSTAT场状态指示
REG整体上可分两种：
Shadowed Registers (event latched registers)—可随时读写，但只有当一定的事件发生时才起作用
Busy-Writeable Registers—可随时读写，即时发生作用
5.5 Programming the Image Pipe Interface (IPIPEIF)
模块能动：ENABLE.ENABLE ，当输入为CCDC RAW时，不需能动，CCDC 送什么就处理什么
当输入为SDRAM时CFG.ONESHOT定义ONESHOT模式还是CONTINOUS模式。在ONESHOT模式，只有一FRAME被处理，且ENABLE.ENABLE自动清0
会产生一 IPIPEIF event to the VPSSBL
5.6 Programming the Image Pipe (IPIPE)
模块能动：IPIPE_EN.EN
IPIPE EVENT
IRQ0 Final pixel from each frame is flushed from the image pipe (not resizer) and histogram completion event
IRQ1 SDRAM Write Completion Event
IRQ2 RZA Interval Completion Event
IRQ3 RZB Interval Completion Event
IRQ5 Register Update Ready Notification Event
5.6.1.2.1 Resizer Bypass Mode
Since the YCbCr data still passes through the RZA block in resizer bypass mode, the following registers
must be set accordingly:
GCK_SDR = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_V_DIF = 256
RSZ_SEQ.SEQ = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_PHS = 0
RSZ_SEQ.TMM = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_DIF = 256
RSZ_AAL = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_LSE = 0
RSZ[0].RSZ_O_HPS = 0 RSZ[1].RSZ_EN = 0
RSZ[0].RSZ_V_PHS = 0
5.6.1.2.2 RAW input, RAW output Mode (IPIPE_DPATHS.FMT = 1)
In this mode, the RAW data bypasses the RAW to YCbCr processes (see Figure 37), but since it still
passes through the YCbCr processing blocks, the following registers must be set accordingly:
IPIPE_DPATHS.FMT = 1 YEE_EN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_V_DIF = 256
BOX_EN = 0 FCS_EN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_PHS = 0
YCC_ADJ.CTR = 16 RSZ_SEQ.TMM = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_DIF = 256
YCC_ADJ.BRT = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_EN = 1 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_TYP = 0
YCC_Y_MIN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_I_VPS = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_LSE = 0
YCC_Y_MAX = 255 RSZ[0].RSZ_I_HPS = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_LPF = 0
YCC_C_MIN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_O_HPS = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_RGB_EN = 0
YCC_C_MAX = 255 RSZ[0].RSZ_V_PHS = 0 RSZ[1].RSZ_EN = 0
5.6.1.3.1 Read/Write Procedures
The IPIPE internal memory values can be written, read, and written after read. If multiple values need to
be set in incremental addresses, then the RAM_MODE.ADR bit can be set so that only the first address
needs to be set and subsequent reads/writes will auto-increment the internal address. The following
procedures should be followed to access the internal memories:
For memory write:
1. Write to RAM_MODE: set memory selection and set EXT = 0 andWDT = 1.
2. Write to RAM_ADR: set starting offset into memory.
3. Write to RAM_WDT: Write data.
For memory read:
1. Write to RAM_MODE: set memory selection and set EXT = 0 andWDT = 0.
2. Write to RAM_ADR: set starting offset into memory.
3. Write to RAM_WDT: Write dummy data.
4. Read the data of the internal memory from RAM_RDT.
For memory write after read:
1. Write to RAM_MODE: set memory selection and set EXT = 0 andWDT = 1.
2. Write to RAM_ADR: set starting offset into memory.
3. Write to RAM_WDT: Write data.
4. Read the data of the internal memory from RAM_RDT.
5.7 Programming the Hardware 3A (H3A)
模块能动： PCR.AF_EN ，PCR.AEW_EN
当输入为SDRAM时，ONE-SHOT模式处理.若要处理每FRAME,则需设定PCR.SDR_FETCH_EN
当输入为CCDC时, CONTINUOUS模式处理,此时依据CCDC的时序来处理.应先CCDC能动
此模块处理完一FRAME后,可产生一中断和一EVENT
5.8 Programming the Buffer Logic (VPSSBL and VPSSCLK Registers)
VPSSBL and VPSSCLK Required Configuration Parameters
Function Configuration Required
CCDC VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.DFCCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.CCDCCLK
IPIPEIF VPSSBL.PCR.RBLCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.IPIPECLK
IPIPE VPSSBL.PCR.WBLCTRL
VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.IPIPE_WD_EN
VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.RESZ_CTRL
VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.DFCCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.IPIPECLK
H3A VPSSBL.PCR.RBLCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.H3ACLK
中断及事件选择VPSSBL.INTSEL and VPSSBL.EVTSEL
1.OVERVIEW
1.1 CCDC
1）产生SD，HD时序信号
2）可编程镜头阴影校正（ Lens Shading Correction）.
3）支持BT656，YCBCR422（8BIT，16BIT，WITH HS，VS），及14BIT RAW DATA FROM CCD/CMOS
4) 可编程14BIT 到8BIT输出
5）可通过外部写能动信号EN控制向DDR写数据
6）SENSOR CLK可达75MHZ，若用到H3A，则只能达67.5MHZ
7）DEFECT CORRECT
1.2.H3A
1）auto white balance and auto eexposure by collecting metrics（统计）
2）读写DDR
3）只接收RAW DATA
1.3.IPIPE
1）只接收RAW DATA ，且转换14BIT RAW DATA为YCBCR422或YCRCR422 RESIZE
2）支持RGB Bayer pattern，经过彩色空间转换也支持CMYG
3）每个分量增益控制
4）可编程的RGB TO YCBCR的转换系数
5）可配置成仅RESIZE模式，即直接YCBCR422 RESIZE，不经过其它模块处理
6）RGB (32bit/16bit) output to SDRAM
7）要求至少BLANK 8PIXEL/行，4行 BLANK，在ONE SHOT 下，至少10行 BLANK，在处理之后
8）最大支持1344PIXEL 输入输出宽度
9）DEFECT CORRECT
1.4.IPIPEIF
1）读CCDC，SDRAM，写IPIPE
2）重新调整 HD, VD, and PCLK timing to the IPIPE input.
3）dark-frame subtract黑色帧消除法降噪（用于长时间瀑光引起的噪声点）
2.引脚IO 接口
1. YIN[7..0]/CCDIN[7..0]
2. CIN[5..0]/CCDIN[13..0]
3.PCLK
4.CAM_HD,CAM_VD
5.CAM_WEN_FIELD:/设 CCD Write Enable/Field ID signal
1）作FIELD标识信号，FLDMODE定类型提供，由CCD/CMOSFIDMD/FLDPOL
2）作WEN用，EXWEN打开，WENLOG设定AND 或 OR，与在SPH, NPH, SLV, NLV内的有效像素相AND或OR
RAM模式引脚:
以上全需用到
另少于14BIT时,一般用CCD[13..0]高位,舍去底位,当用时SPI时除外
----------------------------------------------------------------
引脚配置REG: PINMUX0(VPFE.PDF PAGE38)
3。VPFE/ISP Integration
VPSS Events:9个作为中断送ARM，4个作为EVENT送EDMA
Number Acronym Module Description
0 CCDC VDINT0 CCDC Triggered after a programmable number of input lines for each frame.
1 CCDC VDINT1 CCDC Triggered after a programmable number of input lines for each frame.
2 CCDC VDINT2 CCDC Triggered at the rising edge of WEN signal
3 H3AINT H3A Triggered at the end of AF or AEW writes to DDR for each frame
4 VENCINT VENC Triggered at the rising edge of VSYNC
5 OSDINT OSD Triggered at the end of each frame read from DDR
6 IPIPEIFINT IPIPEIF Triggered at the rising edge of VD if enabled
7 IPIPE_INT0_HST IPIPE Triggered when Histogram processing is finished for each frame
8 IPIPE_INT1_SDR IPIPE Triggered when writes to DDR are finished for each frame
9 IPIPE_INT2_RZA IPIPE Triggered when the number of lines programmed has been output of RZA
10 IPIPE_INT3_RZB IPIPE Triggered when the number of lines programmed has been output of RZB
12 IPIPE_INT5_MMR IPIPE Triggered when MMR modifications for the next frame can be made
中断：VPSSBL.INTSEL选择
INT Number Acronym
0 VPSSINT0
1 VPSSINT1
2 VPSSINT2
3 VPSSINT3
4 VPSSINT4
5 VPSSINT5
6 VPSSINT6
7 VPSSINT7
8 VPSSINT8
事件：VPSSBL.EVTSEL选择
Event Number Binary Event Name
4 0000100 VPSSEVT1
5 0000101 VPSSEVT2
6 0000110 VPSSEVT3
7 0000111 VPSSEVT4
VPSS REG：
VPFE Module Register Map
VPSS Registers Address Range Size
VPSSCLK 0x01C70000 0x01C7007F 128B
H3A 0x01C70080 0x01C700FF 128B
IPIPEIF 0x01C70100 0x01C701FF 256B
OSD 0x01C70200 0x01C702FF 256B
VENC 0x01C70400 0x01C705FF 512B
CCDC 0x01C70600 0x01C707FF 512B
VPSSBL 0x01C70800 0x01C708FF 256B
IPIPE 0x01C71000 0x01C73FFF 12K-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 。VPFE/ISP Functional Description
4.1 CCDC
参数：MODESET.INPMOD输出到DDR的数据选择，YCBCR或RGB
RAW模式时序参数：HDW，VDW，PPLN，HLPFR （从AFE来）
RAW模式时CCDCFG.YCINSWP=0
4.1.2.1 DIGITAL CLAMP
CLAMP的黑电平可用常量也可从像素中计算得到,也可从CCD SENSOR的上黑边，左黑边提取基量
以求平均值计算。
参数：CLAMP.OBST 黑像素开始点；CLAMP.OBSLEN每行的用来求平均的像素数；DCSUB.OBSLN求平均的行数
4.1.2.2 Color Space Conversion
CSCCTL[0]开启。由乘加器，LINE MEMORY组成，CMYG--》RGBG
FMTSPH, FMTLNH, FMTSLV, and FMTLNV指定数据区域
转换后数据会有一行LATENCY（延迟）。
最后一行至少要有一无效像素，一FRAME中至少要有一无效行
4.1.2.3 Defect Correction：坏点校正
DFCCTL[0]开启，可校正1024个点
4.1.2.4 Lens Shading Correction：镜头阴影校正
LSCCFG[0]开启，由于镜头中心较亮，向边缘渐暗。由此而校正
4.1.2.5 Black Level Compensation：太亮，太暗补偿
BLKCMP0.R_YE, BLKCMP0.GR_CY, BLKCMP1.GB_G, BLKCMP1.B_MG)
4.1.2.6 Median Filter：中央滤波。一路送SDRAM，另一路送IPIPE，可单独能动
1. Average Filter Configuration
2. Median Filter Configuration
GAMMAWD.MFILT1 and GAMMAWD.MFILT2
4.1.2.7 SDRAM RAW Output Formatting
4.1.4 Data Output Control
• SDOFST.FIINV – invert interpretation of the Field ID signal
• SDOFST.FIINV – invert interpretation of the Field ID signal
• SDOFST.LOFTS0 – offset, in lines, between even lines on even fields (field 0)
• SDOFST.LOFTS1 – offset, in lines, between odd lines on even fields (field 0)
• SDOFST.LOFTS2 – offset, in lines, between even lines on odd fields (field 1)
• SDOFST.LOFTS3 – offset, in lines, between odd lines on odd fields (field 1)
4.2 IPIPEIF
参数：HDW=8PIXEL，VDW=4LINE（CONTINUE）OR 10LINE（ONE SHOT），PPLN=HD 间隔，LPFR=VD 间隔>1 LINE，HNUM=水平有效像素（从HD上升沿开始？？？），VNUM=垂直有效像素（从VD下降沿开始，即隔4或10LINE）
4.2.1.1 CCDC RAW Input Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 0)
14BIT
4.2.1.2 SDRAM RAW Input Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 1h)
从SDRAM中读取8BIT或16BIT，8BIT为经过A-LAW压缩的，可设CFG.IALAW解压，也可填0补齐
4.2.1.3 CCDC RAW Input With Dark Frame Subtract From SDRAM Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 2h)
IPIPEIF INPUT = CCDC RAW INPUT - SDRAM INPUT
此时PPLN，LPFR的意义与其它输入模式不同，表示从CCDC DATA中减去时的水平，垂直方向的起始位置
4.2.1.4 SDRAM YCbCr 4:2:2 Input Mode (CFG.INPSRC = 3h)
16BIT YCbCr 4:2:2 data
4.2.2 时序产生
当输入为0或2时，HD/VD/WEN ，PCLK由CCDC提供， 为1或3时，IPIEIF产生HD/VD（基于LPFR and PPLN），PCLK可继续用CCDC的PCLK（CFG.CLKSEL=0），也可自已产生（CFG.CLKSEL=1）（用VPSSCLK分频CFG.CLKDIV），产生PCLK时要考虑下面IPIPE RESIZE时最大时钟要求及SDRAM实时操作要求
当CFG.INPSRC非0时，IPIPE I/F SDRAM data读及时序产生即可在ONE-SHOT 下，也可在CONTINUE模式下（(ENABLE.ENABLE）
当输入大于1344PIXEL时开启CFG.DECM设定比例系数以缩小到1344以下
4.3 IPIPE
参数：IPIPE_HST,IPIPE_VST定义开始点（与HD，VD上升沿为原点），IPIPE_HSZ, IPIPE_VSZ定义要处理的数据区域大小
IPIPE_COLPAT定义处理数据的Color pattern
Input Modes (IPIPE_DPATHS.FMT)
0: RAW to YCbCr
1: RAW to RAW
2: RAW to Boxcar
3: YCbCr to YCbCr
In RAW pass through mode,可以支持最大4096PIXEL/LINE，直接写到SDRAM
4.3.3 Defect Correction
4.3.4 Noise Filter
4.3.5 Pre Filter
为了减少LINE-CRAWLING，只针对green pixels.有两种方式（PRE_TYP选择）：1.常量 2.算法
4.3.6 White Balance
白平衡就是调整增益，有两种：
1.Digital gain调整影像总亮度，x 0 – x 3.996 (step = 1/256)
2. white balance gains 调整CFA中每个分量的增益，x 0 – x 7.992 (step = 1/128)
4.3.7 CFA Interpolation
由 Bayer RGB转换成RGB 4:4:4 data
4.3.8 RGB2RGB Blending（混合）
RGB混合，即增加一OFFSET，调成人类的色彩光谱。(RGB_MUL_[R,G,B][R,G,B], & RGB_OFT_[R,G,B])
4.3.9 Gamma Correction Module
摄像时亮度与电压成非线性关系，称此为GAMMA曲线，GAMMA校正即是校正此非线性
有三个通路：1.BYPASS 2. 从RAM TABLE 3. 从ROM TABLE
4.3.10 RGB2YCbCr Conversion Module
YCC_MUL_[R,G,B][Y,CB,CR], and YCC_OFT_[Y,CB,CR]
4.3.11 4:2:2 Conversion Module
转换成YCBCR422格式
4.3.12 2-D Edge Enhancer
针对亮度信号，提高IMAGE质量。YEE_EN.EN开启。用一高通FILER来获取图像边缘，FILER系数可编程(YEE_MUL_[0,1,2][0,1,2])，输出可下SHIFT（YEE_SHF.SHF）。增加RAM表值可加强sharpness
4.3.13 Median NR
用来减少边缘强度的pseudo peak（假峰值），YEE_EMF.EN开启
4.3.14 Chrominance Suppression
FCS_EN.EN开启。在图像的亮度很强区域，可能会有一两个色彩通道饱和，但其它色彩没有，这样就会造成假色彩，如最常出现的就是原本是白色的却出现的是粉红色， 色度抑制可减少假色彩。
4.3.15 Horizontal and Vertical Resize Module
范围： x1/16 scale-down to x8
参数：RSZ[n].RSZ_H_TYP类型选择，HRSZ (RSZ[n].RSZ_H_DIF) and VRSZ (RSZ[n].RSZ_V_DIF)比例，上下限为32-4096，对应X8-X1/16，实际以256/HRSZ，256/VRSZ计算，影像输出尺寸最大为1344 pixels/line for RSZ[0] and 640 pixels/line for RSZ[1].
Vertical resize有两种模式：输入行号模式（RSZ_SEQ.TMM = 1)，连续模式。RSZ[n].RSZ_V_PHS_O定义最后输出位置
4.3.16 Output Interface
YCC_Y_MAX, YCC_Y_MIN, YCC_C_MAX, and YCC_C_MIN 定义Y，C大小范围，YCBCR422 TO YCBCR444，TO RGB，输出32BIT
4.3.17 RGB Converter
在H/V RESIZER中，YCBCR422通过线性插值，转成YCBCR444，由于此关系，第一行的一前一后两个像素会丢失，即RESIZE后会比想要的少两个像素。
在SDRAM BURST（256BIT）时以数据打包方式访问，有两种打包方式，32BIT，16BIT，(RSZ[n].RGB_TYP.TYP选择。32BIT时输出RGB各8位，及8BIT alpha value(在RSZ[n].RGB_BLD设定）；In 16-bit mode, R (5-bit), G (6-bit), and B (5-bit)输入到SDRAM。
4.4 H3A
5 Programming Model
VPFE Memory Master Selection
Shared Memory Register Field Settings
Shared Read Buffer (SRB) PCR.RBLCTRL 0: IPIPEIF
1: Reserved
2: H3A
Shared Write Buffer (SWB) PCR.WBLCTRL 0: IPIPEIF
1: Reserved
DFC Table MEMCTRL.DFCCTRL 0: IPIPE
1: CCDC
RSZ Line Memory MEMCTRL.RSZ_CTRL 0: IPIPEIF
1: Reserved
5.4 编程CCDC
模块能动：SYNCEN.VDHDEN能动CCDC，在能动之前需先设置一些REG。
SYNCEN.WEN 写SDRAM能动
若CCDC为MASTER MODE，则当SYNCEN.VDHDEN 后立即进行数据处理
若CCDC为SLAVE MODE, 则 SYNCEN.VDHDEN 应先于外部设备打开,以免数据丢失
设置顺序:
1. Set Data output address (STADRH & STADRL).
2. Enable HD/VD and WEN at the same time (MODESET.WEN & SYNCEN.VDHDEN)
中断:
VDINT0, VDINT1, and VDINT2
VDINT0,VDINT1达到VDINT.VDINT0 and VDINT.VDINT1中的行数后中断
VDINT2 以 CAM_WEN_FIELD为参考,在下降沿中断
MODESET.FLDSTAT场状态指示
REG整体上可分两种：
Shadowed Registers (event latched registers)—可随时读写，但只有当一定的事件发生时才起作用
Busy-Writeable Registers—可随时读写，即时发生作用
5.5 Programming the Image Pipe Interface (IPIPEIF)
模块能动：ENABLE.ENABLE ，当输入为CCDC RAW时，不需能动，CCDC 送什么就处理什么
当输入为SDRAM时CFG.ONESHOT定义ONESHOT模式还是CONTINOUS模式。在ONESHOT模式，只有一FRAME被处理，且ENABLE.ENABLE自动清0
会产生一 IPIPEIF event to the VPSSBL
5.6 Programming the Image Pipe (IPIPE)
模块能动：IPIPE_EN.EN
IPIPE EVENT
IRQ0 Final pixel from each frame is flushed from the image pipe (not resizer) and histogram completion event
IRQ1 SDRAM Write Completion Event
IRQ2 RZA Interval Completion Event
IRQ3 RZB Interval Completion Event
IRQ5 Register Update Ready Notification Event
5.6.1.2.1 Resizer Bypass Mode
Since the YCbCr data still passes through the RZA block in resizer bypass mode, the following registers
must be set accordingly:
GCK_SDR = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_V_DIF = 256
RSZ_SEQ.SEQ = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_PHS = 0
RSZ_SEQ.TMM = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_DIF = 256
RSZ_AAL = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_LSE = 0
RSZ[0].RSZ_O_HPS = 0 RSZ[1].RSZ_EN = 0
RSZ[0].RSZ_V_PHS = 0
5.6.1.2.2 RAW input, RAW output Mode (IPIPE_DPATHS.FMT = 1)
In this mode, the RAW data bypasses the RAW to YCbCr processes (see Figure 37), but since it still
passes through the YCbCr processing blocks, the following registers must be set accordingly:
IPIPE_DPATHS.FMT = 1 YEE_EN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_V_DIF = 256
BOX_EN = 0 FCS_EN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_PHS = 0
YCC_ADJ.CTR = 16 RSZ_SEQ.TMM = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_DIF = 256
YCC_ADJ.BRT = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_EN = 1 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_TYP = 0
YCC_Y_MIN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_I_VPS = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_LSE = 0
YCC_Y_MAX = 255 RSZ[0].RSZ_I_HPS = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_H_LPF = 0
YCC_C_MIN = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_O_HPS = 0 RSZ[0].RSZ_RGB_EN = 0
YCC_C_MAX = 255 RSZ[0].RSZ_V_PHS = 0 RSZ[1].RSZ_EN = 0
5.6.1.3.1 Read/Write Procedures
The IPIPE internal memory values can be written, read, and written after read. If multiple values need to
be set in incremental addresses, then the RAM_MODE.ADR bit can be set so that only the first address
needs to be set and subsequent reads/writes will auto-increment the internal address. The following
procedures should be followed to access the internal memories:
For memory write:
1. Write to RAM_MODE: set memory selection and set EXT = 0 andWDT = 1.
2. Write to RAM_ADR: set starting offset into memory.
3. Write to RAM_WDT: Write data.
For memory read:
1. Write to RAM_MODE: set memory selection and set EXT = 0 andWDT = 0.
2. Write to RAM_ADR: set starting offset into memory.
3. Write to RAM_WDT: Write dummy data.
4. Read the data of the internal memory from RAM_RDT.
For memory write after read:
1. Write to RAM_MODE: set memory selection and set EXT = 0 andWDT = 1.
2. Write to RAM_ADR: set starting offset into memory.
3. Write to RAM_WDT: Write data.
4. Read the data of the internal memory from RAM_RDT.
5.7 Programming the Hardware 3A (H3A)
模块能动： PCR.AF_EN ，PCR.AEW_EN
当输入为SDRAM时，ONE-SHOT模式处理.若要处理每FRAME,则需设定PCR.SDR_FETCH_EN
当输入为CCDC时, CONTINUOUS模式处理,此时依据CCDC的时序来处理.应先CCDC能动
此模块处理完一FRAME后,可产生一中断和一EVENT
5.8 Programming the Buffer Logic (VPSSBL and VPSSCLK Registers)
VPSSBL and VPSSCLK Required Configuration Parameters
Function Configuration Required
CCDC VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.DFCCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.CCDCCLK
IPIPEIF VPSSBL.PCR.RBLCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.IPIPECLK
IPIPE VPSSBL.PCR.WBLCTRL
VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.IPIPE_WD_EN
VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.RESZ_CTRL
VPSSBL.MEMCTRL.DFCCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.IPIPECLK
H3A VPSSBL.PCR.RBLCTRL
VPSSCLK.CLKCTRL.H3ACLK
中断及事件选择VPSSBL.INTSEL and VPSSBL.EVTSEL
博文
没有评论:
发表评论